Evolution and Modern Definitions of the Term «Grant»
Poplavskyi P. H.

Poplavskyi, Pavlo H. (2024) “Evolution and Modern Definitions of the Term «Grant».” The Problems of Economy 2:47–52.
https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2024-2-47-52

Section: World economy and international relations

UDC 339.1:339.7

Abstract:
The aim of the study is to theoretically substantiate the stages of evolution of the definition of «grant» and formulate recommendations for its clarification. Certain tasks were solved using the following methods: system analysis – for a stage-by-stage retrospective review of the term «grant»; comparative analysis – to compare differences in the definitions of this concept by the academic community, government and professional organizations; induction and deduction – to formulate conclusions and recommendations on the issues under study. The article is devoted to the analysis of the development and transformation of the concept of «grant» with an emphasis on its evolution and current use. Since ancient times, when grants were informal and provided by wealthy people to support various initiatives, changes in the structure and mechanisms of grant support can be traced. The emergence and development of the modern form of grants, the creation of the first modern grant institutions are disclosed. Particular attention is paid to the expansion of State participation in grant programs in the twentieth century, in particular after the World War II, when governments began to recognize grants as an important tool for supporting economic development, public welfare, and scientific innovation. Examples include the creation of the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health in the United States. The importance of grants to support interdisciplinary cooperation and address global challenges such as climate change, public health crises and sustainable development is emphasized. The importance of intensifying Ukraine’s participation in international grant programs, which contributes to the integration of Ukrainian scientists into the world scientific community and raising research standards, is emphasized. A retrospective review of the evolution of the term «grant» and its modern definitions is provided, reflecting changes in societal priorities, public policy, and the increasing complexity of funding mechanisms.

Keywords: grant, evolution, grant support, State grant, grant fund.

Fig.: 1. Bibl.: 31.

Poplavskyi Pavlo H. – Senior Lecturer, Department of International Economic Relations and Political Management, Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University (103 Chudnivska Str., Zhytomyr, 10005, Ukraine)
Email: pavel.poplavsky@gmail.com

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