The Technical and Economic Aspects of Creating a Subsector for the Production of Synthetic Liquid Fuels in Ukraine
Kyzym M. O., Khaustova V. Y., Shpilevskyi V. V., Kotliarov Y. I.

Kyzym, Mykola O. et al. (2022) “The Technical and Economic Aspects of Creating a Subsector for the Production of Synthetic Liquid Fuels in Ukraine.” The Problems of Economy 4:59–79.
https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-0712-2022-4-59-79

Section: Economics and national economy management

UDC 338.12

Abstract:
The article proves that today Ukraine finds itself in a situation where it depends solely on imported supplies of light oil products to meet its motor fuel needs, which is unacceptable from the point of view of the country’s energy and national security, and the solution to this problem lies in the plane of organization of motor fuel production from the country’s own natural resources. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the technical and economic foundations for creating a synthetic motor fuel subsector in Ukraine. To achieve this aim, the authors define the classification of alternative motor fuels; provide a comparative description of the energy content and scope of use of different types of motor fuels, and also provides comparative characteristics of synthetic along with the best grades of natural oil; assess the compliance of synthetic gasoline and diesel fuel with the Euro-4 standard; considers the technical-operational advantages of synthetic analogues of oil fuel over other alternatives. Based on the carried out analysis, the article proves that, given the limited resource capabilities of Ukraine’s motor fuel production from oil and natural gas, the production of synthetic liquid motor fuel (SLMF) from coal raw materials should be recommended for development in the country; the raw material base for the production of synthetic liquid fuel is researched. The article also analyzes the peculiarities of methods and specific technologies for producing synthetic liquid motor fuel from coal and determines that the technology of synthesizing synthetic liquid motor fuel using the Fischer-Tropsch method with preliminary production of synthesis gas by steam-oxygen gasification of coal is advisable for development in Ukraine. Taking this into account, the resource and product balance of the full cycle of synthetic liquid fuel production is formed, a general production scheme of the industry subsector of SLF in Ukraine is developed, technical-economic characteristics of the national and regional industrial complexes for the production of SLF are presented, and the structure of the subsector for the production of SLF in the country is proposed.

Keywords: synthetic liquid fuel, motor fuel, feasibility study, alternative fuel, oil, natural gas, coal and lignite, Fischer-Tropsch method, steam-oxygen gasification of coal, resource and product balance, production scheme of the subsector, energy security, fuel

Fig.: 4. Tabl.: 16. Bibl.: 32.

Kyzym Mykola O. – Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Professor, Corresponding Member of NAS of Ukraine, Chief research scientist, Research Centre for Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine (2 floor 1-a Inzhenernyi Ln., Kharkіv, 61166, Ukraine)
Email: m.kyzym@gmail.com
Khaustova Viktoriia Ye. – Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Professor, Director, Research Centre for Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine (2 floor 1-a Inzhenernyi Ln., Kharkіv, 61166, Ukraine)
Email: v.khaust@gmail.com
Shpilevskyi Volodymyr V. – Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Head of Department, Department of Industrial Policy and Energy Security, Research Centre for Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine (2 floor 1-a Inzhenernyi Ln., Kharkіv, 61166, Ukraine)
Email: shpilevskyvv@gmail.com
Kotliarov Yevhen I. – Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Associate Professor, Head of, Sector of Energy Security and Energy Saving of the Department of Industrial Policy and Energy Security, Research Centre for Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine (2 floor 1-a Inzhenernyi Ln., Kharkіv, 61166, Ukraine)
Email: ekotlarov@i.ua

List of references in article

“Synthetic Fuel Market“. Precedence Research. https://www.precedenceresearch.com/synthetic-fuel-market
“World Energy Outlook 2021“. International Energy Agency. http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org
“International Energy Outlook 2021“. US Energy Information Administration. https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/ieo/
“World Oil Outlook 2040“. OPEC. 2019. https://www.opec.org/opec_web/static_files_project/media/downloads/publications/WOO_2019.pdf
“Synthetic Fuel Market: Global Industry Analysis (2021 to 2027) - Growth, Trends, and Forecasts“. MMR. https://www.maximizemarketresearch.com/market-report/global-synthetic-fuel-market/74378/
Themelis, N. J., and Castaldi, M. J. “Technical and economic analysis of Plasma-assisted Waste-to-Energy processes“. http://www.seas.columbia.edu/earth/wtert/sofos/ducharme_thesis.pdf
Byun, Y. et al. “Thermal Plasma Gasification of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW)“. http://www.intechopen.com/books/gasification-for-practical-applications/thermal-plasma-gasification-of-municipal-solid-waste-msw
Pigneri, A. et al. “Gasification Technologies Review technology implementation scenarios“. http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/153284/Technical-Appendix-2-Renewable-Gases-SupplyInfrastructure-Talent-With-Energy.pdf
Kovtun, H., Stepanov, A., and Matusevych, H. “Kompleksne vykorystannia vuhillia dlia vyrobnytstva ridkoho palyva, hazu ta elektroenerhii“ [Integrated Use of Coal for the Production of Liquid Fuel, Gas and Electricity]. Visnyk NAN Ukrainy, no. 4 (2008): 68-75.
Hunda, M. V. et al. “Rozvytok tekhnolohii pererobky pryrodnoho hazu v ridki syntetychni palyva ta perspektyvy yikh vprovadzhennia dlia rozrobky rodovyshch vuhlevodniv“ [Development of Technologies for Processing Natural Gas Into Liquid Synthetic Fuels and Prospects for Their Implementation for the Development of Hydrocarbon Deposits]. Naftohazova haluz Ukrainy, no. 1 (2014): 38-42.
Makarov, V. M., Perov, M. O., and Novytskyi, I. Yu. “Analiz ta perspektyvy rozvytku burovuhilnoho kompleksu Oleksandriiskoho rehionu“ [Analysis and Prospects for the Development of the Lignite Complex of the Oleksandri Region]. Problemy zahalnoi enerhetyky, no. 3 (2011): 19-24.
Kyzym, M. O. et al. “Analiz syrovynnoho potentsialu vyrobnytstva motornoho palyva v Ukraini ta yii rehionakh“ [Analyzing the Raw Material Potential of Motor Fuel Production in Ukraine and Its Regions]. Biznes Inform, no. 7 (2022): 99-121. DOI: 10.32983/2222-4459-2022-7-99-121
Kyzym, M. O. et al. Tekhniko-ekonomichni zasady stvorennia pidhaluzi z vyrobnytstva syntetychnoho ridkoho palyva v Ukraini [Technical and Economic Principles of Creating a Sub-industry of Synthetic Liquid Fuel Production in Ukraine]. Kharkiv: FOP Liburkina L. M., 2022.
BENZYNY AVTOMOBILNI YEVRO. Tekhnichni umovy. DSTU 7687:2015 [CAR GASOLINES EURO. Specifications. DSTU 7687:2015].
PALYVO DYZELNE YEVRO. Tekhnichni umovy. DSTU 7688:2015 [DIESEL FUEL EURO. Specifications. DSTU 7688:2015].
“Proposed Rule to Revise Existing National GHG Emissions Standards for Passenger Cars and Light Trucks Through Model Year 2026“. https://www.epa.gov/regulations-emissions-vehicles-and-engines/proposed-rule-revise-existing-national-ghg-emissions
VUHILLYA BURE, KAMYANE TA ANTRATSYT. Klasyfikatsiia. DSTU 3472:2015 [BROWN COAL, STONE AND ANTHRACITE. Classification. DSTU 3472:2015].
Kyzym, M. O. et al. “Derzhavne rehuliuvannia ta pidtrymka vyrobnytstva syntetychnoho ridkoho palyva v Ukraini“ [The Government Regulation and Support of Synthetic Liquid Fuels Production in Ukraine]. Biznes Inform, no. 11 (2022): 82-88. DOI: 10.32983/2222-4459-2022-11-82-88
Kyzym, M. O. et al. “Kontseptualni zasady zmitsnennia palyvnoi bezpeky natsionalnoi ekonomiky“ [Conceptual Foundations of Strengthening the Fuel Security of the National Economy]. Problemy ekonomiky, no. 1 (2017): 79-88.
Kizim, N. A., Rudyka, V. I., and Shpilevskiy, V. V. “Konversiya uglya v zhidkiye uglevodorody v Ukraine: predposylki i tselesoobraznost“ [Conversion of Coal to Liquid Hydrocarbons in Ukraine: Background and Feasibility]. In Innovatsii: problemy nauky ta praktyky. Kharkiv: FOP Pavlenko O. H. ; VD «INZhEK», 2010.
Kyzym, M. O., and Rudyka, V. I. “Osoblyvosti rozvytku svitovoho rynku vyrobnytstva i spozhyvannia syntetychnoho ridkoho motornoho palyva“ [Features of the Development of the World Market of Production and Consumption of Synthetic Liquid Motor Fuel]. Visnyk KhNAU im. V. V. Dokuchaieva. Seriia «Ekonomichni nauky», no. 2 (2018): 92-101.
Kyzym, M. O., and Rudyka, V. I. “Ekonomichna efektyvnist stvorennia natsionalnoho vyrobnytstva syntetychnoho ridkoho palyva“ [Economic Efficiency of Establishing Domestic Production of Synthetic Liquid Fuel]. Problemy ekonomiky. 2017. https://www.problecon.com/export_pdf/problems-of-economy-2017-2_0-pages-104_110.pdf
Kyzym, M. O. et al. “Prohnozuvannia enerhetychnoho balansu vuhlevodniv za umov innovatsiinoho rozvytku u kraini vyrobnytstva motornoho palyva“ [Prediction of the Energy Balance of Hydrocarbons Under the Conditions of Innovative Development in the Country of Motor Fuel Production]. Naukovyi visnyk Khersonskoho derzhavnoho universytetu. Seriia : ekonomichni nauky, no. 10(3) (2015): 13-18.
Shpilievskyi, V. V., and Fedenko, H. M. “Otsinka syrovynnoho potentsialu vyrobnytstva motornoho palyva v Ukraini“ [Assessment of the Raw Material Potential of Motor Fuel Production in Ukraine]. Efektyvna ekonomika. 2015. http://www.economy.nayka.com.ua/?op=1&z=3900
“Porivnialna kharakterystyka deiakykh vydiv palyva“ [Comparative Characteristics of Some Types of Fuel]. https://bioopt.com.ua/ua/a240346-sravnitelnaya-harakteristika-nekotoryh.html
[Legal Act of Ukraine] (2013). https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/927-2013-п#Text
“Nafta“ [Oil]. Vikipediia - vilna entsyklopediia. https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0
“Sorta tovarnoy nefti“ [Commercial Oil Grades]. Vikipediya - svobodnaya entsiklopediya. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B8
“Mineralni resursy Ukrainy: shchorichnyk“ [Mineral Resources of Ukraine: Yearbook]. Derzhavne naukovo-vyrobnyche pidpryiemstvo «Derzhavnyi informatsiinyi heolohichnyi fond Ukrainy», 2018. http://geoinf.kiev.ua/M_R_2018_1.pdf
Zvit pro stvorennia (peredachu) naukovo-tekhnichnoi produktsii za dohovorom № 3/2021 vid 15 chervnia 2021 r. za temoiu: «Obgruntuvannia tekhniko-ekonomichnykh vymoh do vyrobnytstva syntetychnykh vuhlevodniv za umov zabezpechennia zrostannia natsionalnoi bezpeky i enerhetychnoi samodostatnosti Ukrainy» [Report on the Creation (Transfer) of Scientific and Technical Products Under Contract No. 3/2021 of June 15, 2021 on the Topic: "Justification of the Technical and Economic Requirements for the Production of Synthetic Hydrocarbons Under the Conditions of Ensuring the Growth of National Security and Energy Self-sufficiency of Ukraine"]. Kharkiv: Naukovo-doslidnyi tsentr industrialnykh problem rozvytku NAN Ukrainy, 2021.
Hirnyi, Ye. I. et al. “Heolohichnyi zvit po poperednii rozvidtsi kamianoho vuhillia na diliantsi Tiahlivska-Pivdenna Lvivsko-Volynskoho baseinu v 1986-1994 rr.“ [Geological Report on the Preliminary Exploration of Hard Coal in the Tyahlivska-Pivdenna Section of the Lviv-Volyn Basin in 1986-1994]. Fondy LHRE. № 4236. Lviv, 1994.
Hirnyi, Ye. I. et al. “Heolohichnyi zvit po detalnii rozvidtsi kamianoho vuhillia na poli shakhty Liubelska № 1 Lvivsko-Volynskoho kamianovuhilnoho baseinu v 1989-1993 rr.“ [Geological Report on the Detailed Prospecting of Hard Coal in the Lubelska Mine Field No. 1 of the Lviv-Volyn Coal Basin in 1989-1993]. In Fondy LHRE. № 4213. Lviv, 1994.